Abstract

The formation of carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds is a pivotal reaction in organic chemistry, given the unique properties of fluorine and its impact on organic compounds' physical and chemical properties. Recent advances in C-F bond formation have expanded the scope of fluorination techniques, enabling the synthesis of various fluorinated organic molecules with applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. This paper reviews the latest methodologies in C-F bond formation, including direct fluorination, transition metal-catalyzed processes, and innovative strategies for regioselective and stereoselective fluorination. We also discuss the challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.

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