Abstract

Congenital abnormalities can develop at any time after the first month of pregnancy. From conception to birth, the embryo, and the fetus have to adapt, at a molecular and transcriptional level, to various changes in their cellular mileau . At conception, this environment depends on the micronutritional status of maternal and paternal germ cells and after conception on maternal nutritional status, metabolism, and lifestyle. Neural tube defect (NTD) is one of the commonest malformations with worldwide prevalence of 1-3/1000 live births. They are caused by failure of neural tube to close during neurulation in 21-28 embryonic days. The most common types of NTD are anencephaly and spina bifida, which are caused by failure of closure of cranial pore and spinal part of neural tube, respectively. Unfortunately the number of studies on this aspect is too scanty in our state. Therefore the present research work has been undertaken in the Department of Anatomy, M.K.C.G. Medical College, Berhampur during the period 2011-2013 with the help of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Radiodiagnosis to study the Neural tube defect aiming to know the prevalence and demographic status , to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality by selected obstetrical management.

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